Evaluation of information provided to patients by ChatGPT about chronic diseases in Spanish language.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence has presented exponential growth in medicine. The ChatGPT language model has been highlighted as a possible source of patient information. This study evaluates the reliability and readability of ChatGPT-generated patient information on chronic diseases in Spanish. Methods: Questions frequently asked by patients on the internet about diabetes mellitus, heart failure, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were submitted to ChatGPT. Reliability was assessed by rating responses as (1) comprehensive, (2) correct but inadequate, (3) some correct and some incorrect, (4) completely incorrect, and divided between "good" (1 and 2) and "bad" (3 and 4). Readability was evaluated with the adapted Flesch and Szigriszt formulas. Results: And 71.67% of the answers were "good," with none qualified as "completely incorrect." Better reliability was observed in questions on diabetes and RA versus heart failure (p = 0.02). In readability, responses were "moderately difficult" (54.73, interquartile range (IQR) 51.59-58.58), with better results for CKD (median 56.1, IQR 53.5-59.1) and RA (56.4, IQR 53.7-60.7), than for heart failure responses (median 50.6, IQR 46.3-53.8). Conclusion: Our study suggests that the ChatGPT tool can be a reliable source of information in spanish for patients with chronic diseases with different reliability for some of them, however, it needs to improve the readability of its answers to be recommended as a useful tool for patients.

Factors associated with oxygen requirement and persistent symptoms 1 year after severe COVID-19 infection.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the prevalence and factors associated with the need for supplemental oxygen and persistent symptoms 1 year after severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS: In this historical cohort and nested case-control study, we included adults with severe COVID-19 (requiring admission to the intensive care unit or invasive mechanical ventilation). We evaluated factors associated with a need for supplemental oxygen and persistent symptoms 1 year after severe infection. RESULTS: We included 135 patients (median age 62 years, 30% women). At 1-year follow-up, the main symptoms were dyspnea (32%), myalgia (9%), cough (7%), anxiety (4%), and depression (5%); 12.59% of patients had prolonged requirement for supplemental oxygen. Factors associated with a persistent requirement for supplemental oxygen were female sex (odds ratio 3.15, 95% confidence interval 1.11-8.90) and Charlson Comorbidity Index > 4 (odds ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.20-2.12). CONCLUSIONS: We found that a high prevalence of supplemental oxygen requirement 1 year after severe COVID infection was associated with female sex and a baseline high rate of comorbidities. It is unknown whether this prevalence was related to other factors, such as the altitude at which patients lived. More than half of patients had prolonged post-COVID syndrome.

Tuberculous pericarditis-a silent and challenging disease: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pericarditis (TP) remains a challenge for endemic countries. In developing countries, one to two percent of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis develops TP. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old woman presented with dyspnea, chest pain and dry cough. On physical examination, veiled heart sounds were found. The electrocardiogram showed low-voltage complexes and the transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large and free-looking pericardial effusion. The patient was taken for an open pericardiotomy. The pericardial fluid revealed high levels of adenosine deaminase and Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed acid-fast bacilli. Polymerase chain reaction study for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pericardial fluid was positive. The patient received tetra conjugate management with adequate clinical response after the first week of treatment and resolution of fever and chest pain. CONCLUSION: In cases of TP, obtaining pericardial fluid and/or pericardial biopsy is the most efficient strategy to confirm the diagnosis. Early diagnosis of this entity will allow physicians to initiate timely treatment, avoid complications and improve the patient's clinical outcome, so we consider the description of this case pertinent and its review in the literature.

Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda del adulto por Plasmodium vivax / Adult acute respiratory distress syndrome by Plasmodium vivax

El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda del adulto en pacientes con malaria está asociado a infección por Plasmodium falciparum, ocasionalmente manifestado en pacientes infectados por Plasmodium vivax, por lo que han sido pocos los casos reportados en la literatura (1). Reportamos el caso de un paciente de 43 años quien estuvo en área endémica y desarrolló síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda del adulto (SDRA) por Plasmodium vivax. El diagnóstico fue realizado por métodos microscópicos. Concluimos que el SDRA asociado a Plasmodium vivax puededesarrollarse antes de iniciar terapia antimalárica, condición con una alta morbimortalidad. (Acta Med Colomb 2014; 39: 211-215).

The adult acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with malaria is associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection, and only occasionally manifested in patients infected with Plasmodium vivax, so few cases have been reported in the literature. 1 The case of a 43 year old patient who was in an endemic area and developed acute adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by Plasmodium vivax is reported. The diagnosis was made by microscopic methods. It was concluded that ARDS associated with Plasmodium vivax can develop before starting antimalarial therapy, a condition with high morbidity and mortality. (Acta Med Colomb 2014; 39: 211-215).